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"The A-Bomb Won't Do What You Think!": An Argument Against Reliance on Nuclear Weapons
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For four years after the U.S. dropped atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end World War II, America held a monopoly on the production of atomic weapons. During this period, debate centering on the use of nuclear bombs in future wars proliferated among government officials, scientists, religious leaders, and in the popular press. In the following article from Collier's, former Navy lieutenant commander William H. Hessler, using data from the Strategic Bombing Survey, argued that saturation bombing of urban areas during World War II, while devastating for civilians, did not achieve war aims. A future atomic war, therefore, might well destroy cities but fail to stop enemy aggression. Furthermore, with a much higher urban concentration than the Soviet Union, the U.S. had more to lose from atomic warfare. The article, while providing detailed explanations of the bomb's destructive capability, demonstrated the lack of information available regarding the long-term medical and ecological effects of radioactivity. Hessler's prose also evoked both the fascination that gadgetry of atomic warfare held for Americans of the time and the fear many felt about the risks involved in putting this technology to use. On September 24, 1949, one week after publication of this article, news that the Russians had conducted atom bomb tests shocked the nation. The following April, a National Security Council report to President Harry S. Truman advised development of a hydrogen bomb--some 1,000 times more destructive than an atom bomb--and a massive buildup of non-nuclear defenses. The subsequent outbreak of war in Korea in June 1950 justified to many a substantial increase in defense spending.

Subject:
Social Studies
U.S. History
Material Type:
Primary Source
Reading
Provider:
American Social History Project / Center for History Media and Learning
Provider Set:
Many Pasts (CHNM/ASHP)
Author:
Center for History and New Media/American Social History Project
Date Added:
11/02/2017
"AIDS Is an Illness of People of Color": Health Service Organizations Advocate Increased Federal Funding to Prevent AIDS in Minority Communities
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In 1981, the U.S. medical community noticed a significant number of gay men living in urban areas with rare forms of pneumonia, cancer, and lymph disorders. The cluster of ailments was initially dubbed Gay-Related Immune Disease (GRID), but when similar illnesses increased in other groups, the name changed to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The mid-1980s saw a number of advances toward understanding and treating the disease, but no vaccine or cure was forthcoming. Gay advocacy and community-based organizations began providing services and pressuring government to increase funding for finding a cure and helping victims. As two representatives of AIDS health services organizations stated in the following 1987 testimony to Congress, AIDS spread in disproportionately high numbers throughout U.S. minority and disadvantaged communities. They advocated increased federal funding for prevention efforts targeted at minority communities and administered by community-based organizations. Despite such efforts, the number of minority AIDS cases continued to rise sharply, and by 1996, African Americans accounted for a higher percentage of reported adult cases of AIDS (41%) than did whites.

Subject:
Social Studies
U.S. History
Material Type:
Primary Source
Reading
Provider:
American Social History Project / Center for History Media and Learning
Provider Set:
Many Pasts (CHNM/ASHP)
Author:
Center for History and New Media/American Social History Project
Date Added:
11/02/2017
Aadizookaan (Winter Only)
Conditional Remix & Share Permitted
CC BY-NC-SA
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Storytelling is an important part of traditional Native American culture. It is important to remember that some stories can only be told in the Winter out of respect for the names that can only be told when the snow is on the ground. Please use the references shared on this page in accordance with the respectful practice of Winter only storytelling. As always, it is best to have the guidance of an experienced elder and / or storyteller when planning best use in the classroom. This unit blended the use of traditional knowledge with textbook based science concepts to show the interconnection between them. Many traditional stories give an explanation of plant and animal adaptations that have a scientific benefit for the organism.

Subject:
Environmental Literacy and Sustainability
Environmental Science
Life Science
World Languages
Material Type:
Primary Source
Reference Material
Teaching/Learning Strategy
Unit of Study
Author:
Sandy Benton
Tammy Moncel
Rick Erickson
Date Added:
05/30/2023
Adaptations of OpenSciEd Physics Units
Conditional Remix & Share Permitted
CC BY-NC
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This resource folder provides an adaptation to two units in the OpenSciEd Curriculum: P.1 Energy Flow from Earth's Systems and P.5 Electromagnetic Rdition.  Included is a varation on the student workbook that allows more space for student work to be completed, and embeds readings and activites. Also included in the folder are teacher resources pages that keep all important ideas, links, and other resources handy for each lesson.  Materials created by OpenSciEd are shareable under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) license.  More information can be found at: https://www.openscied.org/openscied-terms-of-use-and-privacy-policies/

Subject:
Physical Science
Physics
Material Type:
Student Guide
Author:
Kelley Grorud
Date Added:
05/06/2024
Adding Local Phenomena to Existing Science Units
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
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This module guides educators through five methods for adding local phenomena to existing units. It includes rationale for adding local phenomena and cautions for using it. It emphasizes the importance of knowing and surveying students and the community in order to make these local connections and equitably engage students.

Subject:
Education
Material Type:
Module
Teaching/Learning Strategy
Author:
ACCESSE Project
Aaron Burg
Dennis Rohr
Kevin Anderson
Date Added:
04/17/2024
Adopting Sustainable Food Practices
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Educational Use
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Hear about how respect for Earth can help us attain a more sustainable lifestyle in the face of climate change in this video segment adapted from United Tribes Technical College.

Subject:
Ecology
Environmental Science
Forestry and Agriculture
Life Science
Material Type:
Lesson
Provider:
PBS LearningMedia
Provider Set:
PBS Learning Media Common Core Collection
Author:
NASA
WGBH Educational Foundation
Date Added:
03/19/2012
Air Pollution
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The Phoenix metropolitan area, like many large cities, has problems with air pollution at certain times of the year. You can do a simple experiment to determine some of the factors that affect air pollution.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Assessment
Lesson Plan
Provider:
Arizona State University School of Life Sciences
Provider Set:
Ask A Biologist
Author:
Dr. Biology
Date Added:
06/10/2009
Alaska Native Pilots
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Educational Use
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In this video adapted from Storyknife Productions, Alaska Native pilots share how they use traditional knowledge to read the landscape and predict the weather.

Subject:
Ecology
Environmental Science
Forestry and Agriculture
Life Science
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
PBS LearningMedia
Provider Set:
PBS Learning Media Common Core Collection
Author:
National Science Foundation
WGBH Educational Foundation
Date Added:
11/04/2008
Alaska Native Teens Help Researchers
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Educational Use
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In this video adapted from KUAC-TV and the Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska Native students contribute to research on how their environment is changing as a result of global warming.

Subject:
Ecology
Environmental Science
Forestry and Agriculture
Life Science
Material Type:
Lesson
Provider:
PBS LearningMedia
Provider Set:
PBS Learning Media Common Core Collection
Author:
National Science Foundation
WGBH Educational Foundation
Date Added:
11/04/2008
Alaska Tsunami
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Educational Use
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In this video adapted from Alaska Sea Grant, discover why multiple tsunamis resulted from the Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964.

Subject:
Earth and Space Science
Ecology
Environmental Science
Forestry and Agriculture
Life Science
Oceanography
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
PBS LearningMedia
Provider Set:
PBS Learning Media Common Core Collection
Author:
National Science Foundation
WGBH Educational Foundation
Date Added:
11/04/2008
Algebra
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
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This course discusses how to use algebra for a variety of everyday tasks, such as calculate change without specifying how much money is to be spent on a purchase, analyzing relationships by graphing, and describing real-world situations in business, accounting, and science.

Subject:
Algebra
Mathematics
Material Type:
Full Course
Provider:
The Saylor Foundation
Date Added:
10/13/2017
Aluminum Cans
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In this data analysis activity students investigate data in connection with recyclable materials and develop plans to help the environment. Students collect data about aluminum can usage and graph that data in a line plot. The lesson includes student worksheet and extension suggestions.

Subject:
Mathematics
Material Type:
Interactive
Lesson Plan
Provider:
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Provider Set:
Illuminations
Date Added:
11/05/2008
"The American Frankenstein."
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Inspired by Mary Shelley's novel about a man-made monster who turned upon its creator, this cartoon depicted the railroad trampling the rights of the American people. Agriculture

Subject:
Social Studies
U.S. History
Material Type:
Primary Source
Reading
Provider:
American Social History Project / Center for History Media and Learning
Provider Set:
Many Pasts (CHNM/ASHP)
Author:
Center for History and New Media/American Social History Project
Date Added:
11/02/2017
American Science: Ethical Conflicts and Political Choices, Fall 2007
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CC BY-NC-SA
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Explores the changing roles, ethical conflicts, and public perceptions of science and scientists in American society from World War II to the present. Studies specific historical episodes focusing on debates between scientists and the contextual factors influencing their opinions and decisions. Topics include the atomic bomb project, environmental controversies, the Challenger disaster, biomedical research, genetic engineering, (mis)use of human subjects, scientific misconduct and whistleblowing.

Subject:
Environmental Science
Life Science
Nutrition Education
Material Type:
Full Course
Provider:
M.I.T.
Provider Set:
M.I.T. OpenCourseWare
Author:
Foley, Brendan
Date Added:
01/01/2007
Ant Farm
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Farming ants might sound like a crazy thing to do unless you might like to eat chocolate covered ants. It turns out we can learn a lot from ants and the best way is to build your own ant farm.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Game
Lesson Plan
Provider:
Arizona State University School of Life Sciences
Provider Set:
Ask A Biologist
Author:
Rebecca Clark
Sabine Deviche
Date Added:
06/10/2009
Antibiotic Hunters: Superpowered by Students | Meet the Lab
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CC BY-NC-ND
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Meet the Antibiotic Hunters—a team of professional and student scientists at the Tiny Earth Network who search for new antibiotics in the soil.

Resources available for learning about this lab include:
• Interactive cards designed to introduce students to scientists in a more personal way
• A video with a personal story that explains why the lab's research matters in real life
• Questions to consider that will spark connection, reflection, and conversation
• An interactive video experience where you can ask questions of scientists in the lab and learn about their research
• An inquiry-based activity that focuses on doing science, using some of the same science practices that the lab uses
• An educator guide with information about standards alignment, curriculum connections, and tips for using the media resources

These resources are part of Meet the Lab, a collection of educational resources for middle school science classrooms.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Physical Science
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Other
Provider:
PBS Wisconsin Education
Author:
PBS Wisconsin Education
Date Added:
10/13/2020
Applied Macro- and International Economics, Spring 2011
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CC BY-NC-SA
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Applied Macro- and International Economics uses case studies to investigate the macroeconomic environment in which firms operate. The first half of the course develops the basic tools of macroeconomic management: monetary, fiscal, and exchange rate policy. The class discusses recent emerging market and financial crises by examining their causes and considering how best to address them and prevent them from recurring in the future. The second half evaluates different strategies of economic development. Topics covered in the second half of this course include growth, the role of debt and foreign aid, and the reliance on natural resources.

Subject:
Economics
Social Studies
Material Type:
Full Course
Provider:
M.I.T.
Provider Set:
M.I.T. OpenCourseWare
Author:
Cavallo, Alberto
Rigobon, Roberto
Date Added:
01/01/2009
Applied Statistics, Spring 2009
Only Sharing Permitted
CC BY-NC-ND
Rating
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I designed the course for graduate students who use statistics in their research, plan to use statistics, or need to interpret statistical analyses performed by others. The primary audience are graduate students in the environmental sciences, but the course should benefit just about anyone who is in graduate school in the natural sciences. The course is not designed for those who want a simple overview of statistics; we’ll learn by analyzing real data. This course or equivalent is required for UMB Biology and EEOS Ph.D. students. It is a recommended course for several of the intercampus graduate school of marine science program options.

Subject:
Mathematics
Statistics and Probability
Material Type:
Full Course
Provider:
UMass Boston
Provider Set:
UMass Boston OpenCourseWare
Author:
Eugene Gallagher
Date Added:
10/13/2017