This 5-lesson unit is intended to help children who already understand the meanings of addition to develop fluency with addition facts. The activities and games take advantage of commutativity, the additive identity, doubles, and number patterns to develop operation sense and foster retention. Lessons include student materials, questions for students and teachers, assessment ideas, and links to interactive applets.

Light painting is a creative activity that involves creating striking images and illusions using a camera, a light source, and a little practice. Light paintings may be literal representations or impressionistic, color-filled images. When the camera shutter is open (and the room is dark) the film or digital sensor acts like a blank canvas onto which learners "paint" with a flashlight.

In this unit plan, primary learners explore the five models of subtraction (counting, sets, number line, balanced equations, and inverse of addition) using concrete (links), pictorial, and verbal representations to develop an understanding of symbolic notations. Students also investigate fact families, including those where one addend is 0 and where the addends are alike and also learn that the order (commutative) property) does not hold for subtraction. A brief bibliography of related books for children is provided. Instead of using hands on manipulatives and balances, links to Java applets: Pan Balance-Shapes and Pan Balance-Numbers ( both cataloged separately) are included. Instructional plan, questions for the students, assessment options, extensions,and teacher reflections are given for each lesson as well as links to down load all student resources.

In this math meets engineering activity, learners make paper airplanes and explore attributes related to increasing flight distances. Each learner collects data from three flights of the airplane and finds the median distance. Learners then collect, organize, display, and interpret the median distances for the group in a stem-and-leaf plot. This lesson guide includes questions for learners, assessment options, extensions, and reflection questions.

Loopy dot diagrams uses fruit loops as a manipulative to help students develop the basic skills for making Lewis dot structures to model covalent bonding.

This subject deals primarily with equilibrium properties of macroscopic systems, basic thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium of reactions in gas and solution phase, and rates of chemical reactions.

In this 6-lesson unit students use pasta shapes to explore the take away model of subtraction in several different contexts (counting, sets, number line, balanced equations, and inverse of addition). They decompose numbers, explore the zero property, act out subtraction situations with objects and pictures, record differences with vertical and in horizontal notation, create fact families, find differences with a calculator, and compose and solve problems involving subtraction. The lessons include student activity sheets (pdf), questions for student discussion and teacher reflection, assessment options, and links to online applets.

A short activity using goldenrod copy paper as an indicator to introduce neutralization reactions. Students describe what they beleive happens during this reaction.

In this lab students will make string out of sodium alginate, an algael polymer, and see what you can craft out of it in this simple chemistry activity. They will discover how strong yet pliable algae in the ocean is because of the strong waves in the ocean. Students can color their string and let it dry before turning it into a cool project.

This activity is a guided discovery where students make chemical mixtures using sodium, learn about the Periodic Table, view salt under a microscope, and have a final result of bath salts for the bathtub

This video from KET traces the energy transformations that occur when coal is burned to produce electricity. Some of the mechanical processes are also described.

This is a lab designed to allow students to create and collect gas through a simple acid-metal reaction.

In this lesson students find and record addends that sum to ten in three different activities, using ten frames, linking cubes, two-sided counters, and a concentration game. The lesson includes suggestions for assessment and extension, reflection questions for students and teachers, links to related resources, and printable materials (pdf).

This activity is an extension activity following a unit study on mixtures and solution. Students will use variables to create a unique cola formula and present their findings.

This Chemistry experiment investigates physical changes, solutions, supersaturated solutions, and states of matter.

This video adapted from NASA explains how a magnetometer determines magnetic fields around planets.

This activity will take complex molecules and polyatomic ions the students have learned and construct them out of marshmallows and redhots. This develops understanding in VESPR structures and hybrid molecules.

This activity is a series of game-like lessons that assist the student in developing the logic skills needed to read mass spectrometer output and formulate the identity of an unknown molecule. As students endeavor to identify the unknown they must apply fundamental chemistry knowledge including formula mass, isotopes, periodic table, relative abundance, interpreting graphs, organic chemistry, ionization, bonding rules, and structural formulas. Based on an activity presented by Olaf Runquist, Professor, Hamline University.

A realistic mass and spring laboratory. Hang masses from springs and adjust the spring stiffness and damping. You can even slow time. Transport the lab to different planets. A chart shows the kinetic, potential, and thermal energy for each spring.