This lesson focuses on the observation of properties and the classification of objects to build ideas about variables. Learners compare buttons to identify similarities and differences. In addition, learners are introduced to Venn Diagrams by reading "The Elves and the Shoemaker" and sorting their shoes in a giant diagram.

This unit consists of four lessons in which students explore several meanings and representations of multiplication, including number lines, sets, arrays, and balance beams. They also learn about the commutative property of multiplication, the results of multiplying by 1 and by 0, and the inverse property of multiplication. Students write story problems and create pictographs. The unit includes activity sheets, assessment ideas, links to related applets, reflective questions for students and teachers, extensions and a bibliography of children's literature with a multiplication focus.

In this 5-lesson unit primary students identify attributes of buttons and other objects in their classrooms. Throughout the unit students learn to collect data about objects, display the data (Venn diagrams, pictographs, and bar graphs), and analyze the data to determine what this tells us about buttons and/or other objects. Each of the five lesson plans includes necessary student/class worksheets, questions for students, extension ideas, and assessment ideas. Lessons 2 and 3 reference stories that are an important part of the skill development: "The Button Box" by Margarette Reid and "The Elves and the Shoemaker" story.

In this lesson plan students conduct a survey of ten students, collect data in a tally chart, and then display and analyze the results in a bar graph. In the analysis students must compare numbers, add, and subtract using the data in the bar graph to generate questions as well as answer them. The lesson plan includes a graph template, a link to an interactive graphing tool, extension questions, and a fact family sheet to show the related facts from their graph analysis.

In this 8-lesson unit students use buttons to explore logical and numerical relationships that form the conceptual basis for understanding addition and subtraction operations. Topics include counting, ordinal numbers (and relative position), classification (attributes), relationships between numbers, addition of sets, commutativity of addition, sums to 10, fact families (including subtraction), three models of subtraction ("take away", comparative, missing addend), and bar graphs. Includes student activity sheets and a link to an online graphing applet.

In this 8-lesson unit students use buttons to explore logical and numerical relationships that form the conceptual basis for understanding addition and subtraction operations. Topics include counting, ordinal numbers (and relative position), classification (attributes), relationships between numbers, addition of sets, commutativity of addition, sums to 10, fact families (including subtraction), three models of subtraction ("take away", comparative, missing addend), and bar graphs. Includes student activity sheets and a link to an online graphing applet.

Students construct sets of numbers up to 10, write the numerals up to 10, and count up to 10 rationally. They use ten frames and also make bean sticks.

I used this lesson to first build my students understanding of working up to 10. However, I knew they knew how to make 10, so to adjust this particular lesson, I then built on from this lesson. We used the strategy of counting on to work into teen numbers (designing the concept of ten and extra ones). This lesson mat with the fingers was great because kids could make their ten with the hands, but then also see the extra ones. I would only use this to make combinations up to 10, build the concepts of a group of ten and some extra ones, and counting on. I did not use the numeral cards as we were more focused on counting out groups of numbers, counting on from that group, building a ten, and seeing extra ones.

In this lesson plan students learn to create bar graphs using unifix cubes, translate this representation to graph paper, and then compare the data that has been collected and displayed. Students are encouraged to make up their own questions about the data (favorite juice) and to practice with multiple sets of data. Sample questions for students and extension ideas are included. The lesson contains links to a PDF of graph paper and the Bar Grapher tool which is cataloged separately in this database.

In this 6-lesson unit, students explore 5 models of subtraction (counting, sets, number line, balanced equations, and inverse of addition) using connecting cubes. The lesson activities focus on the comparative mode of subtraction as children investigate the relationship between addition and subtraction, write story problems in which comparison is required, and practice the subtraction facts. The lessons include printable student activity sheets, a bibliography of children's counting books, questions for student discussion and teacher reflection, assessment options, extensions, and links to online applets (cataloged separately).

In this 6-lesson unit, students use dominoes to explore four models of addition: counting, number line, sets, and balanced equations. They learn about the commutative property, the relation between addition and subtraction, the result of adding 0, and the concept of doubles. Students write story problems which involve the operation of addition and begin to memorize the addition facts. They represent addition in pictures. The various models of addition help students develop a rich conceptual schema for addition. Included are a Bibliography of Counting Books, student materials, questions for student and teacher reflection, assessment and extension ideas. [Suggestion: Use the alternate applet, Pan Balance - Numbers, listed as a Related Resource, rather than Pan Balance - Shapes, in Lesson 4.]

In this 7- lesson unit students use tallies, pictographs, bar graphs, line plots, circle graphs, box-and-whisker plots, and glyphs to collect and display data about healthy eating. The unit includes lessons in which two sets of data are being compared and data sets are being analyzed for measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode). Learning objectives, materials, student questions, extensions, teacher reflections, and links to create graphs virtually are included.

In this math lesson, learners examine pennies and dimes and model subtraction as they listen to a childrenäóťs book ("Alexander Who Used to Be Rich Last Sunday" by Judith Viorst). Learners model amounts to 60 cents with coins, use coin rubbings of pennies and dimes, and make a chart comparing the two coins.

This unit of four lessons from NCTM's Illuminations lets students conduct surveys and represent data in a variety of ways. They also find and compare measures of center. The lessons center around a food court, where students create and use menus in a meaningful way. Topics covered include bar graphs, line plots, and pictographs, measures of center, and probability of events. Individual lessons link to related tools where appropriate, and include questions for students, assessment options, and teacher reflection questions.

The activities in this 6-lesson unit use fish-shaped crackers to help students develop their understanding of comparative subtraction by exploring five meanings of subtraction (counting, sets, number line, balance, and inverse of addition). Students investigate properties of subtraction, represent subtraction with objects and pictures, record subtraction with vertical notation and equations, create and solve problems, and carry out missing addend activities. Lessons include questions for student discussion and teacher reflection, extensions, printable student sheets, assessment options, and links to online applets.

In this unit of 8 lessons, students make groups of zero to 10 objects, learn number names for the groups, compose and decompose numbers, and practice writing numerals to record the size of a group. Each lesson includes visual, auditory, and kinesthetic activities and supporting materials, questions to facilitate student thinking and teacher reflection, assessment suggestions, and a link to online applets that support the unit.

In this 6-lesson unit students develop concepts of number, relationships between numbers, and equality. They make groups of 10 to 20 objects, connect number names to the groups, compose and decompose numbers, and use numerals to record the size of a group. Each lesson includes visual, auditory, and kinesthetic activities, as well as student activity sheets, questions for teachers and students, ideas for assessment and extensions, and links to electronic applets.

In this 5-lesson unit students make groups of zero through five objects and connect number words to the groups. They develop counting strategies and use numerals to record the size of a group. Lessons include familiar nursery rhymes and songs, links to interactive applets, and visual, auditory, and kinesthetic activities. Also included are student activity sheets, questions for students and teachers, assessment and extension ideas.

This 5-lesson unit is intended to help children who already understand the meanings of addition to develop fluency with addition facts. The activities and games take advantage of commutativity, the additive identity, doubles, and number patterns to develop operation sense and foster retention. Lessons include student materials, questions for students and teachers, assessment ideas, and links to interactive applets.

In this unit plan, primary learners explore the five models of subtraction (counting, sets, number line, balanced equations, and inverse of addition) using concrete (links), pictorial, and verbal representations to develop an understanding of symbolic notations. Students also investigate fact families, including those where one addend is 0 and where the addends are alike and also learn that the order (commutative) property) does not hold for subtraction. A brief bibliography of related books for children is provided. Instead of using hands on manipulatives and balances, links to Java applets: Pan Balance-Shapes and Pan Balance-Numbers ( both cataloged separately) are included. Instructional plan, questions for the students, assessment options, extensions,and teacher reflections are given for each lesson as well as links to down load all student resources.

In this six lesson unit, students recognize and explore the relationships among pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters. They estimate and count sets of mixed coins, create equivalent sets, write story problems that involve money, and use coins to make patterns. Within the unit there is a link to US Mint. http://www.usmint.gov/kids/teachers/