This CDC website is ideal for teaching students procedures and protocols related to bioterrorism emergencies. First, the CDC lists five specific bioterrorism agents. When you click on each agent, the website explains how health centers, communities, and the CDC are preparing for possible bioterrorism attacks. As an interactive activity, students can be split into groups of five. Each group member can use this website to research the protocols of one of the bioterrorism agents. Then, students can share their findings with the group. The goal of this exercise is for students to learn more about bioterrorism emergencies and the preparation that different health centers do for possible bioterrorism.

This course provides an overview of various tools and techniques you can use for improving a process. A brief introduction on Capability Maturity Models, Six Sigma and Lean is included as part of this short course. Level: Intermediate - Some analytical knowledge and experience is helpful in fully understanding all of the concepts presented in this course. Recommended for 2.0 hours of CPE. Course Method: Inter-active self study with self-grading exam, and certificate of completion.

In 1968, young urban-based American Indians in Minnesota formed the American Indian Movement (AIM) to fight mistreatment by police and to improve prospects for jobs, education, and housing. In 1972, AIM initiated "The Trail of Broken Treaties," and a subsequent march to Washington to present the Nixon administration with a 20-point sovereignty proposal. From its beginning, AIM suffered from disagreement between "traditionals" holding reservation-oriented agendas and urban-based "progressives". By the end of the 1970s, plagued by repression and internal disputes, AIM declined as a leading militant organization. In the following document written in 1974, Jimmie Durham of AIM's American Indian Support Committee, critically addressed attitudes of white progressives that had caused friction within the group. The paper, which Durham, a Cherokee Indian, has acknowledged was influenced by Marxist writers, was subsequently doctored by the FBI and submitted to Tribal Councils and the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security to discredit him. (The version appearing below is excerpted from Durham's published original and reprinted with his permission.) In 1974, Durham founded the International Indian Treaty Council to lobby the United Nations towards decolonization of indigenous peoples worldwide. The Treaty Council helped create the 1977 UN conference on indigenous affairs, attended by representatives of 98 indigenous peoples. Durham subsequently resigned from the Treaty Council and he has become an acclaimed artist and poet, writing on cultural and political subjects.

An article written for children, this reading explains the role of plants as producers. It is written at a grade 4-5 reading level, and it is a good supplement to the evidence that students can observe and record through experimentation with photosynthesis.

This course covers the entire family of programming languages, starting with an introduction to programming languages in general and a discussion of the features and functionality that make up a modern programming language. Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to: identify the common concepts used to create programming languages; compare and contrast factors and commands that affect the programming state illustrate how execution ordering affects programming; identify the basic objects and constructs in Object-Oriented Programming; explain the characteristics of pure functional functions in functional programming; describe the structures and components utilized in logical programming. (Computer Science 404)

Students learn to use the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming environment to add functionality to ArcView. No previous programming experience is assumed. Students who successfully complete the course are able to automate repetitive tasks, customize the ArcView interface, and share their customizations with others.

This is an example of using an m-file script to compute the number of months necessary to pay off a credit card debt using the minimum monthly payment.

In the early 20th century, progressive education reformers promoted a pedagogy that emphasized flexible, critical thinking and looked to schools for the political and social regeneration of the nation. The founding of the Progressive Education Association (PEA) in 1919 accompanied the growing prestige of leading educational theorists at Teachers College, Columbia University. Increasingly, however, the movement became preoccupied with methodology and, specifically, with the controversial "child-centered" approach, later criticized by both radicals and conservatives. Imbued with Freudianism and child psychology, the child-centered method asked teachers to position each child at the center of the learning process by focusing activities around the interests of the pupil. William H. Kilpatrick, a professor at Teachers College, outlined the theory of "wholehearted purposeful activity" by a child as the pinnacle of postwar progressive education in the following, widely-read essay, initially published in the Teachers College Record in 1918.

This website offers a free, reliable, and easily accessible source of information that shows both sides of today's controversial issues. It is created by a nonprofit public charity and has been online since 2004. The mission statement of this site is: "Promoting critical thinking, education, and informed citizenship by presenting controversial issues in a straightforward, nonpartisan, primarily pro-con format." The site follows strict guidelines for bias and strives to ensure that even the graphic and color choices won't sway you to one side of a topic or the other.

In 1887, Henry F. Bowers founded the nativist American Protective Association (APA) in Clinton, Iowa. Bowers was a Mason, and he drew from its fraternal ritual--elaborate regalia, initiation ceremonies, and a secret oath--in organizing the APA. He also drew many Masons, an organization that barred Catholics. The organization quickly acquired an anti-union cast. Among other things, the APA claimed that the Catholic leader of the Knights, Terence V. Powderly, was part of a larger conspiracy against American institutions. Even so, the APA successfully recruited significant numbers of disaffected trade unionists in an era of economic hard times and the collapse of the Knights of Labor. This secret oath taken by members of the American Protective Association in the 1890s revealed the depth of Protestant distrust and fear of Catholics holding public office.

In the late 1940s, large labor unions and major corporations worked out an accord that would guide labor-management relations for the next quarter century. During this period, unions benefited from high wages and relative stability, while relegating company decision-making to management. Many workers in certain geographic areas and sectors of employment, however, were not affected by the accord. In "union-free" Gainesville, Georgia, union representatives had started to organize a predominately female workforce in a large poultry plant. In the following statement to a House subcommittee on labor-management relations, Roy F. Scheurich, vice-president of the Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen of North America related a violent mob attack led by company officials. Joseph M. Jacobs, the union's general counsel, then argued that language in the Taft-Hartley Act, which regulated labor-management relations, allowed employers "apparent immunity" from legal responsibility for mob violence against labor representatives unless direct involvement could be proven. The Taft-Hartley Act, passed in 1947 by a Republican-led Congress over President Harry S. Truman's veto, amended provisions of the 1935 Wagner Act. Jacobs argued for restoration of the Wagner Act's language. In September 1951, one month after this hearing, a trial examiner for the National Labor Relations Board held the Jewell Company liable for instigating the riot described in the statement.

In 1918, a U.S. Employment Service Bulletin estimated that 75,000 unemployed laborers in Puerto Rico were available for work in the United States. The War Department agreed to transport workers to labor camps in the United States where they would be housed and fed while working on government construction contracts at defense plants and military bases. Many of these work camps, however, subjected the new migrants to harsh conditions and even forced labor, which Rafael Marchn described in his 1918 deposition to the commissioner of Puerto Rico. Workers like Marchn appealed to the U.S. government to improve sanitary conditions, provide adequate food, and stop widespread beatings at Fort Bragg in Fayetteville, North Carolina. In 1918 and 1919, almost one hundred Puerto Rican migrants died in Arkansas labor camps.

Eighteenth-century New Englanders increasingly found themselves living within the imperial context of the European wars and Enlightenment ideas that flowed across the Atlantic. John Barnard, the long-time minister of Marblehead, Massachusetts, was influenced by those ideas. He took the traditional path toward becoming a Congregational minister by attending an English school, grammar school, and then Harvard College, the main supplier of the region's clergy and integral to its intellectual life. While Barnard held traditional providential beliefs in God's responsibility for events, his life history also revealed an increasing layer of newer scientific beliefs and values. Less isolated than their 17th-century predecessors, the New England ministry at the turn of the 18th century traveled to Europe and took part in the increasing English book trade that brought European ideas to them, as seen in Barnard's autobiography.

Religious concepts and metaphors suffused the words and ideas of many late nineteenth-century American workers. The New and Old Testaments provided not only personal succor to many working people but also a set of allusions and parables they applied directly to their lives and struggles in industrial America. Working-class ideas and writing often were cast in stark millenarian terms, with prophesies of imminent doom predicted for capitalists who worshipped at Mammon's temple and imminent redemption for hard-working, long-suffering, and God-fearing laboring men and women. Christ was uniformly depicted in workers' writing as a poor workingman put on Earth to teach the simple principles of brotherhood and unionism. In this 1894 hellfire-and-brimstone editorial in The United Mine Workers Journal, "Pumpkin Smasher" counseled the "honest workman" to have faith in the ultimate punishment of those responsible for making miners' lives harsh and brutal.

President Franklin Roosevelt's 1937 attempt to expand the federal judiciary, known as his "Court-packing plan" by its many critics, met with ferocious opposition. Congressmen who had warily supported the New Deal now backed away, unnerved by the president's willingness to subvert the existing power structure. In the popular press, columns such as Dorothy Thompson's from the Washington Star reflected both popular disgust at Roosevelt's plan to increase the number of Supreme Court justices and FDR's continued popularity. Thompson's comparison of Roosevelt to Hitler seems ridiculous now, but others (like Father Charles Coughlin) made such comparisons regularly in 1937. Ironically, over the next four years FDR was able to fill seven vacancies on the Court, largely ending its opposition to the New Deal. By then, however, thanks in large part to public opposition to the Court-packing plan, he had lost the predictable majorities that had easily carried his bills through Congress during his first term.

Whereas the Knights of Labor had advocated "abolition of the wages system," union leaders who coalesced behind Samuel Gompers and the new American Federation of Labor in 1886 were more likely to accept the terms of the existing capitalist system. Gompers and his closest associates rejected any interest in creating a new society. Instead, they called for a better life for working people. Adolph Strasser, a leader of the cigarmakers' union, clearly articulated this emerging philosophy of "pure and simple unionism" in his 1883 testimony before the U.S. Senate Committee on Education and Labor, which was investigating the "relations between capital and labor." Strasser had emigrated to America around 1871. In the early 1880s--around the time of this testimony--he allied with Gompers in refusing to turn over New York's United Cigarmakers union to socialists who had been democratically elected. Instead, he and Gompers expelled the leader of the socialists and caused a serious split in the union. Strasser remained an AFL leader and organizer until his death in 1910.

Stanford History Education Group's lesson on Puritans provides students with a background lecture on the Puritans (one of the group's who settled the 13 British colonies).  It then asks students, through reading two primary sources from the Puritans, to assess their motivations for settling in the Americas based on the historical question: Were the Puritans selfish or selfless (in their motivation)? This lesson asks students to engage in historical empathy and understand the purpose behind historical actions as historians would.

A 1923 billboard advertisement for Endicott-Johnson shoes touted employee satisfaction as an important feature of the product. Company president George F. Johnson was a leading proponent of welfare capitalism

In both Britain and the United States, Quakers were among the first to denounce slavery in the 18th century. This was due to the efforts of Quaker abolitionist leaders such as John Woolman. Born in New Jersey in 1720, Woolman was a tailor and shopkeeper. Continual encounters with slavery in his own neighborhood--notably an incident in which his employer asked him to write out a bill of sale for a slave--convinced him that he could not, in good conscience, continue to have anything more to do with slavery. In 1756, the year he began his journal, he gave up most of his business to devote himself to anti-slavery. This selection from Woolman's journal, published in 1774 after his death, records a trip in May 1757, through Maryland and Virginia, to spread his anti-slavery message among fellow Quakers.